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Displacement Tracking Matrix - Regional Snapshot - Middle East & North Africa: Quarterly Report January 1 - March 31, 2021 - Iraq, Libya, Sudan, and Yemen

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The Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) provides primary data and information on internal displacement and population movements, in-country and at regional and global levels. DTM’s work worldwide informs humanitarian, recovery and transition interventions, by providing timely data and analysis to relevant actors including governmtents, United Nations (UN) partner agencies, donors and other stakeholders.

DTM operates in contexts of conflict, natural disasters and complex emergency settings that cause short-term or protracted displacement., and in mixed migration contexts.

In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, the 2021 Report of the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre - Global Internal Displacement Database (IDMC-GRID) recorded 14.7 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) and 2.9 million newly displaced in 2020. This figure constitutes 27 per cent of the global IDP population, making MENA the region with the highest concentration of IDPs worldwide. In MENA, DTM is active in four countries and operates through the humanitarian coordination structure of these countries. This Quarterly Report describes the displacement situation in the four region’s countries: Iraq, Libya, Sudan and Yemen. It also describes mixed migration flows to and from the region.

From 1 January to 31 March 2021, compared to the last quarter of 2020, DTM figures show a significant decrease in the number of IDPs and an increase in the number of returnees.
This trend can be attributed to the following events / political contexts:

• In Iraq, the policy of camp closure and consolidation which started at the end of 2019, slowed down at the height of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and intensified during the last quarter of 2020, leading to an increase in movements out of camps and returns.

• In Libya, the ceasefire agreement and efforts towards implementation of the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum roadmap in 2020 paved the way for more stability.
The number of IDPs decreased in the first quarter of 2021.

• In Sudan, an intensification of the conflict was reported since January 2021 in the states of Darfur, which remain volatile and experience recurring inter-communal conflict.

• In Yemen, since January 2020, the country’s central territories, namely Marib Governorate have become the centre of hostilities, with thousands of households being displaced mostly within the governorate and only small part to surrounding areas.

No significant natural disasters and events causing displacement were recorded in the reporting period – such as those periodically recorded in some MENA countries during this period of the year due to seasonal rainfalls and other water-related events. However, the onset of the rainy season in Sudan (expected in June to September) will likely cause floods and displacement, damaging agricultural outputs and assets in the affected areas, like in previous years.