Aller au contenu principal

Ethiopia Crisis Response Plan 2020

Pays
Éthiopie
+ 3
Sources
IOM
Date de publication
Origine
Voir l'original

Funding Required $77,600,000

People In Need 8,000,000

Target Beneficiaries 1,200,000

IOM Vision

IOM Ethiopia plans to provide timely and tailored humanitarian assistance and resilience programming for crisis-affected populations in Ethiopia, aiming towards durable and sustainable solutions.

Context Analysis

Ethiopia faces one of the most complex human mobility environments in the world, with a range of social, economic, political and climatic factors driving populations within and outside its borders. Millions moved throughout the country in 2018 and 2019, with displacement risks remaining high in 2020. In March 2019, IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) estimated approximately three million individuals were displaced across Ethiopia. The primary drivers of this displacement were conflict – by a large margin – and climatic shocks such as drought and floods.

At the same time, the Government of Ethiopia (GoE) launched a plan to return or relocate internally displaced persons (IDPs) nationwide. In the ensuing months, hundreds of thousands of internally displaced Ethiopians returned to their areas of origin. Others relocated to land designated by governmental bodies, while still others remained displaced in collective sites or secondary displacement locations. In October 2019, IOM's DTM identified approximately 1.6 million Ethiopians who remained displaced across some 1,149 sites. While Ethiopia’s displacement landscape shifted significantly in 2019, needs remain high. Living conditions for returnees, relocatees, and IDPs alike are dire. Shelter, safe access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), basic health services, and critical non-food items (NFIs) are urgent for all. Community stabilization, peacebuilding and reconciliation efforts are much needed to resolve and prevent further conflict-induced internal displacement. In addition, disaster prevention and reduction efforts are essential to reduce displacement associated with natural disaster and climate risk and strengthen resilience by incorporating “build-back-better” measures in recovery and reconstruction.

In addition, Ethiopia continues to receive refugees from neighbouring countries, in particular, Eritrea, South Sudan and Somalia. Between January and October 2019, Ethiopia received a total of 88,044 new arrivals.

Relocation assistance to refugees is a vital lifesaving operation and failure to do so may result in:

  • Vulnerable refugees being detained, with rights to freedom of movement denied;
  • Forcefully pushing the refugees through the borders back to where they came from against their wishes;
  • Tensions escalating between refugees and host communities;
  • Increased risk of harm to refugees the longer they wait at border entry points and/or in reception centres;
  • Delayed/lack of access to life-saving services in camps, including food, non-food items (NFIs), water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), and health;
  • Denial of dignified transportation options, with refugees overloaded in trucks as a last resort by other stakeholders.

In cooperation with UNHCR and the Ethiopian Government’s Agency for Refugees and Returnee Affairs (ARRA), IOM provides emergency transportation services for refugees arriving in Ethiopia and ensures that the most vulnerable individuals receive access to immediate life-saving services, including food, shelter and health care.

Ethiopia in 2020 presents both hope and concern. While there is an opportunity to work with communities to progress peacebuilding and support durable solutions for sustained prosperity, risks of political and intercommunal violence, droughts, and floods persist. The international community must act in this critical moment to ensure a positive outcome in 2020 and beyond.